Vietnam,
 S-shaped country, has 54 ethnic groups with different languages. The 
majority group in Vietnam is the Vietnamese-speaking Kinh and Vietnamese
 is the official language. Many older Vietnamese are familiar with 
French or English. Interest in English has been rising, with language 
schools opening throughout the country.
Like
 English, 
Vietnamese uses the Roman alphabet, but otherwise the 
languages are very different. Every word in Vietnamese has only one 
syllable, and the language is based on tone. There are up to six tones, 
and what looks like the same word can have different meanings according 
to the tone used by the speaker. 
Tones are high, low, falling or 
wavering, like notes on a scale. For example, the word ma has six 
different meanings: "mother" with a high falling tone, "ghost" with a 
high flat tone, "grave" with a low to rising tone, and so on. In 
writing, one of five accents (or none) is placed above or below a word's
 vowel to indicate the tone.
The 
Vietnamese value modesty and humility about one's accomplishments, and 
harmonious relations with others. Seeking to avoid conflict in 
relationships, they often prefer to speak about sensitive subjects 
indirectly. 
Outside of large cities, making direct eye contact when 
talking to someone is considered impolite; similarly, Vietnamese usually
 speak in a low tone. Although when shopping the Vietnamese barter over 
prices, this process is done politely; aggression is considered rude.
The
 Vietnamese sometimes appear to answer "yes" (dạ) to all questions. 
However, this yes may be a polite way of saying "Yes, I am listening," 
or "Yes, I am confused," or "Yes, I do not want to offend." Similarly, 
the Vietnamese smile can be used to show all sorts of emotions, from 
happiness to anger or even grief. Strong emotions are shared only with 
family or close friends. Humour, however, is freely expressed.
Traditionally,
 Vietnamese greet each other by joining hands and bowing slightly; 
however, in cities some men have adopted the Western practice of shaking
 hands. In public, men often hold hands as an expression of friendship. 
Hugging, however, is reserved for relatives.
| English | Vietnamese | 
| Hello | Chào | 
| Please | Xin làm ơn | 
| Thank you very much | Cám ơn (bà/cô/ông/em) nhiêù | 
| You're welco | 
Không có chi / Không dám | 
| Yes/No | Dạ/Không | 
| What is your name? | Tên (bà/cô/ông/em) là gì? | 
| Friend | Bạn | 
Today, more and more foreigners come to visit this small beautiful land and explore 
Vietnamese customs 
and habits, especially they want to know about the diversity of the 
languages here.